| Baseline characteristics | Total Number (%) | Patients Number (%) | Contacts Number (%) | Controls Number (%) | p-value |
| BCG scar | 0.021 | ||||
| Yes | 89 (39.7) | 12 (24.0) | 44 (45.8) | 33 (42.3) | |
| No | 113 (50.5) | 33 (66.0) | 39 (40.3) | 41 (52.6) | |
| Indeterminate | 22 (9.8) | 5 (10.0) | 13 (13.5) | 4 (5.1) | |
| BMI in Kg/m2 | <0.001 | ||||
| <18.5 | 48 (21.4) | 25 (50.0) | 18 (18.8) | 5 (6.4) | |
| 18.5 - 24.99 | 148 (66.1) | 24 (48.0) | 71 (74.0) | 53 (68.0) | |
| ≥ 25 | 28 (12.5) | 1 (2.0) | 7 (7.3) | 20 (25.6) | |
| Alcohol consumption | 0.709 | ||||
| Yes | 72 (35.1) | 13 (30.2) | 32 (37.6) | 27 (35.1) | |
| No | 133 (64.9) | 30 (69.8) | 53 (62.4) | 50 (64.9) | |
| Smoking | 0.060 | ||||
| Yes | 24 (11.7) | 8 (18.6) | 12 (14.1) | 4 (5.2) | |
| No | 181 (88.3) | 35 (81.4) | 73 (85.9) | 73 (94.8) | |
| Chewing khat | 0.293 | ||||
| Yes | 32 (15.8) | 10 (23.3) | 12 (14.1) | 10 (13.0) | |
| No | 171 (84.2) | 33 (76.7) | 73 (85.9) | 67 (87.0) |